Tyres
What the sidewall and the EU label say, and the national rules on winter tyres, chains, tread depth and tyre age for heavy vehicles.
Truck tyre markings explained: size, load index, speed symbol, M+S, 3PMSF and the date codeWhat UN Regulations 54, 117 and 109 put on the sidewall of a truck or bus tyre — size, service description, snow symbols, FRT and the date code — and how the US DOT code differs.
Truck tyre labelling: reading the EU label on a C3 tyreNew C3 tyres placed on the EU market have had to be accompanied by a label since 1 May 2021. What the fuel efficiency, wet grip and noise classes mean, why the unit is N/kN, and what it leaves out.
Winter tyres and snow chains for trucks and buses in Europe: the rules country by countryWhen heavy trucks and buses need winter tyres or chains in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Türkiye and Russia, on which axles, and whether M+S or 3PMSF counts.
Minimum tread depth and tyre age for trucks and buses: the EU gap and the national rulesWhy EU law sets no tread depth for heavy vehicles, the minimums in Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Spain, Sweden and Türkiye, and Britain's ten-year age limit for front-axle tyres.